Networked and Embedded Systems Laboratory

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In wireless sensor networks, energy efficiency is crucial to achieve
satisfactory network lifetime.  In order to reduce the energy consumption of a
node significantly, its radio needs to be turned off.  Yet, some nodes have to
participate in multi-hop packet forwarding.  We tackle this issue by exploiting
two degrees of freedom in topology management:  the path setup latency and the
network density.  First, we propose a new technique called Sparse Topology and
Energy Management (STEM), which aggressively puts nodes to sleep.  It provides a
method to wake up nodes only when they need to forward data, where latency is
traded off for energy savings.  Second, STEM integrates efficiently with
existing approaches that leverage the fact that nearby nodes can be equivalent
for traffic forwarding.  In this case, an increased network density results in
more energy savings.  We analyze a hybrid scheme, which takes advantage of both
setup latency and network density to increase the nodes' lifetime.  Our results
show improvements o f nearly two orders of magnitude compared to sensor networks
without topology management.

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